Decoding mechanisms of diarrhea induction by enteric viruses

Abstract

Infectious diarrhea kills more children each day than AIDS, malaria, and measles combined [1]. In humans, the leading causes of virally induced diarrhea include rotavirus, norovirus, sapovirus, astrovirus, adenovirus, and poliovirus, prior to a global vaccination program, all of which pose significant risks particularly to young children and the immunocompromised population [1]. Here, we summarize shared and distinct mechanisms employed by these viruses to cause diarrheal diseases. This brief review aims not only to serve and inform clinical and research communities but also paves the path for developing therapies and countermeasures to mitigate the impact of the diarrhea caused by these pathogens.