A retrospective study among patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy: intraoperative and postoperative complications

Abstract

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a popular method to treat gallbladder diseases. But adopting laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a treatment of gallbladder diseases like symptomatic cholelithiasis or cholecystitis introduced a new spectrum of associated intraoperative and postoperative complications. The aim of this study was to assess the intraoperative and postoperative complications of patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in department of surgery of Lab Aid Hospital, Dhanmondi Central Hospital, and Ad Din Barrister Rafiqul Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, during the period from December 2019 to December 2021 among 100 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The intraoperative and postoperative complications were collected from the record book of the patients for this study with consent from the patients and guardians. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Lab Aid Hospital and Ad Din Barrister Rafiqul Hospital, Dhaka.Results: Majority of the study people (30%) were in the age group of 52-60 years. Mean age of the study people was 50.6 years (SD±8.1 years). Majority of the study people (59%) ware female. Mean BMI of the study people was 23.33±2.26 kg/m2. Among the study people, 21% study people had smoking habit, 19% had diabetes, and 11% had hypertension. Mean operation time was 50.25±4.75 minutes. For the indications for laparoscopic cholecystectomy, most of the study people (56%) had symptomatic gallstones. The commonest intraoperative complication was trocar site bleeding (8%). The commonest postoperative complication was surgical site infection (5%).Conclusions: Although there were few intraoperative and postoperative complications, laparoscopic cholecystectomy has a low rate of mortality and morbidity making this operation a safe procedure with favourable results.