Uso de métodos complementares na inspeção post mortem de carcaças com suspeita de tuberculose bovina

Abstract

The aim of this study was used diagnostic methods (histopathological, bacteriological and molecular) in the trial of suspected tuberculosis lesions observed during routine post mortem inspection in abattoirs. A total of of 41,193 cattle, which appeared healthy in ante mortem examination, slaughtered in seven abattoirs in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil were examined. The carcasses of 198 (0.48%) animals showed lesions, of which 182 (91.9%) were classified as granulomatous or pyogranulomatous by histopathological analysis. However, at bacilloscopy, the presence of acid-fast bacilli (AFB) was not detected. Mycobacterium bovis was recovered from 3 (1.5%) samples, all from retropharyngeal lymph nodes in cattle up to three years old. When multiplex PCR (m-PCR) was performed directly on fragments of injured tissue, M. bovis DNA was detected in 14 (7.0%) samples including the same 3 bacteriologically positive samples. Evaluation of lesions by macroscopic analysis agreed 93% (184/198) with bacteriological culturing and the molecular test. To avoid misinterpretation during the examination, mainly of paucibacillary lesions such as those found in the samples analyzed, the use of rapid and unequivocal complementary tests such as mPCR is recommended. Molecular diagnosis, combined with routine post mortem inspection, proved to be a promising technique to improve the surveillance of TB in abattoirs, contributing to the success of the bovine tuberculosis eradication program.