A confiança em testemunhas: O papel das diferenças individuais

Abstract

Sometimes, the confidence with which a witness recalls a crime relates to the accuracy of the recall. Research suggests that this relationship is complex and may be influenced by individual differences. In this study we sought to understand the influence of self-esteem, impulsivity, and processing mode in the confidence-accuracy. In the procedure, we presented a video of a bank robbery, and then the participants answered questions about it, and assigned confidence judgments about the answers. Participants also answered and judged questions of general knowledge and answered to scales that measured the variables self-esteem (Rosemberg Self-esteem Scale), impulsivity (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale) and processing mode (Cognitive Reflection Test). The results show that there is no influence of the selected variables in the calibration and overconfidence of the responses. Also, participants show greater underconfidence when answering to general knowledge questions when compared with eyewitness questions. The results also indicate that participants that use system 2 show greater accuracy and confidence than participants using system 1.