Paciente en programa de diálisis y arteriopatía periférica

Abstract

The high prevalence of cardiovascular disease in haemodialysis patients makes it necessary to study in more depth the incidence of peripheral arteriopathy and amputations in these patients. Objectives: to identify and analyse the incidence of non-trauma related amputations, gangrene, ulcers and intermittent claudication, determining which atherogenic factors have the greatest incidence on these injuries. Method: the following atherogenic factors were studied in 170 patients on a dialysis programme in the province of Cáceres, 46 diabetic and 124 nondiabetic: age, sex, characteristics of the diabetes, hyperlipidaemia and PTH. Results: 33 patients presented intermittent claudication, 14 presented ulcers, 2 gangrene and 11 amputations. Diabetes is the factor with the greatest incidence on the disease, together with hypertension, sex, age and high concentrations of PTH. Hypertension is more atherogenic when maintained after the commencement of dialysis. The nursing documentation does not reflect data on the disease or its evolution. It is necessary to plan strategies that prevent the appearance of peripheral arteriopathy and to establish nursing records in relation to the disease, inspection and examination of lower limbs, identifying the risk factors in order to establish the specific care required and patient information and education.