Efeitos da temperatura no desenvolvimento, fecundidade e longevidade de Gargaphia torresi Lima (Hemiptera, Tingidae)

Abstract

The development of G. torresi on cotton leaves was studied in bioclimatic chambers at 20, 23, 25, 28 and 30°C; relative humidity of 70±10% and photoperiod of 12 h:12 h (L:D). The incubation period varied from 11 (20°C) to 4 (30°C) days; the nymphal stage of individuals that originated females and males varied from 20.8 (20°C) to 8.3 (30°C) days and from 20.8 (20°C) to 8.6 (30°C) days, respectively. The development of immature stages for individuals that originated females and males varied from 31.8 (20°C) to 12.3 (30°C) days and from 31.5 (20°C) to 12.6 (30°C) days, respectively. The values of longevity and fecundity were inversely proportional with the increase in temperature. The thermal constant (K) and theoretical lower threshold temperature of development (Tb) were estimated by Reamur law and intercession method of the X, respectively. The theoretical lower threshold temperature of development for individuals that originated adult females and males were 13.9°C and 13.6°C, respectively. The immature stages for individuals that originated adult females and males required 209.4 and 220.3 degrees-days from oviposition to adult emergence, respectively.