Upper limbs orthesis and prostheses printed in 3D: An integrative review

Abstract

Introduction: Three-dimensional (3D) printing is capable of making advanced and specialized physical products using computerized technologies and specific software. Some of these products are orthosis and prostheses which can support patients' functionality in their daily lives. Objective: To identify the type, the usage, and the applicability of 3D printing on the development of upper limbs’ orthosis and prostheses. Method: Integrative review carried out on the following databases: Pubmed, LILACS, Web of Science, Scopus e Science Direct, with no specific publication period, written in English, Spanish or Portuguese. It also had to fit the following criteria: experimental and observational studies and case reports which had 3D printed orthosis and prosthesis as the object of study with patients of any age or diagnosis of upper limb damage. Results: Nine studies were included. Seven referred to the use of 3D printing to make prosthesis and 2 to make orthosis. Many studies were directed to children and the most used materials were PLA and ABS. The multidisciplinary team was fundamental in the process of evaluation, creation, and testing of the devices. Conclusion: Despite the analyzed studies mention initial phases of development and investigation of the applicability of 3D printing in the creation of orthosis and prostheses, it was observed that cost-benefit improvements generated by the use of this technology already exist, as well as the possibility of generating more versatile products. It’s a promising field to amplify the applicability of 3D printing as a resource facilitating the rehabilitation process.