Severe respiratory distress in term infants born electively at high altitude

Abstract

Background: We studied the contribution of elective delivery to severe respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in term babies born at high altitude. Methods: We prospectively studied the charts of term babies born in Taif Maternity Hospital (1640 m above sea level) between 1/1/2004 and 31/ 10/2004 who developed RDS and required mechanical ventilation. Results: 8634 deliveries occurred from 37-<41 weeks; 13 (0.15%) had RDS requiring mechanical ventilation. Seven infants delivered at 37-<38 weeks, (OR for RDS = 26 95%CI -4.6 to 5.8), five delivered at 38-<39 weeks, (OR for RDS = 10 95%CI -4.9 to 5.4) and one delivered at >39 weeks. Six of 13 infants were electively delivered without documented lung maturity. Conclusion: Infants born at 37 and 38 weeks' gestation remain at significantly increased risk for severe RDS. Elective delivery is responsible for 50% of the potentially avoidable cases. Our data suggest that the altitude does not seem to influence the incidence of severe RDS in term infants born electively. © 2006 Bakr and Abbas; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.