Abundancia estacional y distribución vertical del zooplancton gelatinoso carnívoro en una área de surgencia en el norte del Sistema de la Corriente de Humboldt

Abstract

The seasonal abundance and vertical distribution of gelatinous zooplankton collected during four cruises off Mejillones bay were analyzed. In this area we identified 44 species of macroplankton distributed in 23 siphonophores, 17 hydromedusae, and 4 ctenophores. Eight species, Sphaeronectes irregularis, Rhizophysa eysenhardti, Amphogona apicata, Proboscidactyla stellata, Sarsia coccometra, Pleurobrachia bachei, Thalassocalyce inconstans and Velamen parattelum, are the first records in the Humboldt Current System. The seasonal distribution showed an increase in abundance in spring and summer, with the highest aggregations (> 2600 ind-100 m-3) of Aglaura hemistoma, Solmundella bitentaculata, Muggiaea atlantica and Pleurobrachia bachei in October and Obelia spp. in February. The highest densities were observed in the coastal station and in the oceanic front, while the oceanic station was characterized by a strong decrease in abundance. The vertical distribution showed that the most dominant species were founded in the first 100 m of the water column, with a higher concentration of organisms in the first 25 or 50 m of depth. This vertical distribution could be limited by presence of a minimum dissolved oxygen layer (< 1 ml·L-1) in shallow waters (30-50 m) during de upwelling events.