Optimal Scheduling Strategy of Microgrid Based on Reactive Power Compensation of Electric Vehicles

Abstract

This paper proposes a microgrid optimal scheduling strategy based on the reactive power compensation of electric vehicles to address the issue of interactive fluctuation of voltage and power resulting from a high proportion of new energy integration into the grid. Firstly, for accurate prediction of electric vehicle charging and discharging behavior, the Monte Carlo simulation method was employed for day-ahead prediction. Secondly, an optimization method for reactive power compensation was developed, considering distributed sources such as wind turbines, photovoltaics, and electric vehicles, with the objective of minimizing network loss and power generation costs. Additionally, user-side prices and electric vehicle charging prices were taken into consideration. Finally, utilizing the IEEE14 bus simulation, a comparison was made between the microgrid with and without electric vehicle reactive support capacity. Results demonstrated that, while maintaining a power factor greater than 0.95, the proposed method reduced the average daily generation cost by 0.35%, average daily network loss by 7.0%, average daily bus voltage fluctuation by 48.60%, average electricity price by 2.88%, and EV user charging cost by 21.29%. These findings illustrate that the proposed reactive power compensation optimization method effectively mitigates voltage and power fluctuations resulting from new energy integration, ensuring system safety, reliability, and economic efficiency.