Alteraciones en el eje intestino-riñón durante la enfermedad renal crónica: Causas, consecuencias y propuestas de tratamiento

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease and uremic state are associated with intestinal barrier permeability alterations and changes in gut microbiome composition that increased the production and translocation of uremic toxins such indoxyl sulfate (IS) and p-cresyl sulfate (pCS) and contribute to the immunological response. Uremic toxins and inflammation are associated with and increase on mortality, cardiovascular events and mineral bone disorders. Several nutritional and pharmacological strategies have been studied to modulate the gut microbiota composition and intestinal permeability alterations, including probiotic, prebiotic and symbiotic supplementation, changes in diet composition and use of adsorbent agents. The aim of this study is to review the etiology of intestinal and microbiota alterations analyzing the consequences and interventions studied to date.