Entropy generation in thermally radiated hybrid nanofluid through an electroosmotic pump with ohmic heating: Case of synthetic cilia regulated stream

Abstract

Synthetic cilia-regulated transports through micro and nanofluidic devices guarantee an efficient delivery of drugs and other biological substances. Entropy analysis of cilia stimulated transport of thermally radiated hybrid nanofluid through an electroosmotic pump is conducted in this study. Joint effects of applied Lorentz force and Ohmic heating on the intended stream are also studied. Metachronal arrangements of cilia field coating channel inner side, are liable to generate current in the fluid. After using the lubrication and the Debye-Huckel estimations, numerical solutions of the envisioned problem are obtained. For pressure rise per metachronal wavelength, the pressure gradient is numerically integrated. The analysis reveals that high electric potential results in reducing the heat transfer effects in the flow system. The enhancement of flow is noticed near the channel surface for higher electroosmotic parameters. The irreversibility in the channel decreases when the Helmholtz-Smoluchowski velocity is applied in the opposite direction of the flow and thus produces the fluid friction irreversibility.