Treatment of Dairy Byproducts with the Conversion of Useful Bio-Products

Abstract

At a worldwide level, milk as nutritious food has become more important with complete sets of nutrients, required and necessary for maintaining healthy life to small children (from 3 months to 3 years). Milk requirement is not limited to children but it needs and consumes by every age of people in the world. Milk can be obtained from cow, buffalos, goat, camel or human being. But industrial scale, milk production is reported from cow and buffalos and its collection is done by small- to large-scale diary processing industries worldwide. Currently, a lots of dairy products have been synthesized by dairy industries from each country of the world. For this purposes, dairy industries go for different types of milk processing steps and these steps have produced dairy effluents and its effluents discharge has created many problems to our healthy environment. India is the largest milk consumer and producer country among other countries in the world and it has achieved a large production capacity of milk (1.65 × 105 thousand tonnes liters) in a few years ago. Dairy industries are responsible for collection, transportation, processing, and distribution tasks of milk. During milk processing, the effluent of milk is reported to contain one third portion of soluble organics, one third portion of suspended solids, and one third portion of colloidal components including trace organic compounds. Milk effluents discharge in water bodies is responsible for releasing of bad gases with change in taste, odor, color, and turbidity of water bodies. It contained the crucial toxic matter which needs for proper treatment with preservation of the aesthetics of the environment via the production of useful bio-products for world needs. Among many dairy wastes, milk whey is reported as a liquid byproduct of dairy industries and advanced biotechnological methods can help in the reduction of water or soil pollution via synthesizing the many valuable biochemical products (including bio-energy or single-cell protein) with their potential applications in the industry and society. In this book chapter author will emphasize the advanced treatment techniques for diary byproducts reduction with useful products synthesis.