Dinámica de sales en el distrito de riego La Doctrina, Colombia

Abstract

The present research was conducted in the irrigation and drainage district of La Doctrina and its adjacent zones with an area of\r4160 hectares, located in the Department of Córdoba in the north of Colombia, which has an average precipitation of 1000 mm,\ra temperature of 28° C and relative humidity of 80%. The dynamics of salt in the soil and the superficial aquifers were evaluated\rthrough the measurement of depths and elevations of the water table during one year (June 2003 to June 2004) and the determination\rof the salinity of soils and aquifers in a chain of 27 observation wells on three sampling dates (September 2003, November 2003\rand March 2004). Zones were found with a water table depth of less than 0.5 m and with salinity greater than 2 dS/m, with temporal\rand spatial variation of salts detected from the planes of salinity analyzed, which represent high salinity irrigation for those soils.\rIt was observed that the saline zones coincide with the zones of discharge of the phreatic flow. The principal soluble salts present\rwere sodium chloride (NaCl) and magnesium chloride (MgCl2), which are of high solubility and toxicity for the plants.