Microalgae as feed additives in poultry: A review on the health-promoting effects

Abstract

This review explores the effects of the inclusion of microalgal biomass in feed on the health of poultry (broilers and laying hens). Microalgae have emerged as a promising feed additive, valued not only for their rich nutritional profile, but also for their bioactive substances. Bioactive compounds, such as phenolics, polyunsaturated fatty acids, oligosaccharides and carotenoids, exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antiviral functions, which hold promise for promoting poultry health. With the ban on prophylactic antibiotic use in feed, microalgal biomass emerges as an innovative feed additive to enhance growth performance and prevent health issues in poultry. This review extensively explains the critical health parameters of poultry, including histology of the intestinal tract, intestinal permeability, immunity, antioxidant status and prebiotic effects on the intestinal microbiome. Furthermore, it offers valuable insights into the inclusion of microalgae in poultry feed, promoting these health parameters. It concludes with suggestions for further research and practical recommendations on how to improve poultry health using microalgal biomass.