NANOMATERIALS IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT: ADVANCEMENTS AND APPLICATIONS

Abstract

Nanotechnology has received a lot of attention as a new method of removing dyes, heavy metals and other pollutants from water and wastewater.Numerous studies on the synthesis, manufacturing, and improvement of nanoparticles have shown that they are effective adsorbents for removing a variety of dyes, heavy metals and other pollutants from wastewater.This review aims to educate researchers on effective nanoadsorbents, their mechanism of adsorption towards particular dyes, heavy metals, and the basic building blocks of nanoadsorbent materials synthesis.The development of nanocomposites and additional focus on nanoadsorbent modification are also highlighted in this research as value-added products to boost heavy metal removal and increase adsorption capacity.Regarding their ability to remove dyes, metals and cost-effectiveness, possible obstacles and directions for using nanocomposites for heavy metal, dyes and other pollutants removal in actual wastewater effluent are reviewed.Future studies should focus on finding an affordable method of producing nanocomposite materials and assessing the toxicity of nanoparticles in wastewater applications.To verify the viability of the nanoadsorbents for the removal of specific dyes, heavy metals from actual wastewater, more research on the efficacy of the nanoadsorbents at the pilot or industrial scale is urgently required.