SOCS1-KIR Peptide in PEGDA Hydrogels Reduces Pro-Inflammatory Macrophage Activation

Abstract

Macrophages modulate the wound healing cascade by adopting different phenotypes such as pro-inflammatory (M1) or pro-wound healing (M2). To reduce M1 activation, the JAK/STAT pathway can be targeted by using suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS1) proteins. Recently a peptide mimicking the kinase inhibitory region (KIR) of SOCS1 has been utilized to manipulate the adaptive immune response. However, the utilization of SOCS1-KIR to reduce pro-inflammatory phenotype in macrophages is yet to be investigated in a biomaterial formulation. This study introduces a PEGDA hydrogel platform to investigate SOCS1-KIR as a macrophage phenotype manipulating peptide. Immunocytochemistry, cytokine secretion assays, and gene expression analysis for pro-inflammatory macrophage markers in 2D and 3D experiments demonstrate a reduction in M1 activation due to SOCS1-KIR treatment. The retention of SOCS1-KIR in the hydrogel through release assays and diffusion tests is demonstrated. The swelling ratio of the hydrogel also remains unaffected with the entrapment of SOCS1-KIR. This study elucidates how SOCS1-KIR peptide in PEGDA hydrogels can be utilized as an effective therapeutic for macrophage manipulation.