Risk Factors for Physical Conditions in the Home Environment and Numbers of Bacteria with Toddlers Pneumonia Incidence

Abstract

Pneumonia caused the deaths of 808,694 children under the age of 5 years, 15% of all deaths toddlers in the world and 277 deaths aged 29 days-11 months in Indonesia. Pneumonia is the most common cause of death for toddlers compared to other diseases, more than the combined Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), malaria and measles. This purpose of study to determine the risk factors for the physical environment of a toddlers house and the numbers of bacteria in the incidence of pneumonia cases. The study was conducted using a case control approach with a sample size of 130 and a ratio of 1:1. The results of the analysis showed physical quality in the form of housing density variables (p value= 0.005), type of house floor (p value= 0.013), light intensity (p value= 0.035), humidity (p value= 0.030) and numbers of bacteria (p value= 0.002) who do not meet the requirements are a risk factor for the incidence of pneumonia cases in toddlers. however, the numbers of bacteria cannot be used as a risk factor due to limited validity in data sampling which did not conduct research on the types of bacteria in the sample.