Optimizing electrochemical glucose sensors through electrode material selection and parameter tuning for enhanced sensitivity in diabetes detection

Abstract

This study presents the development of a highly sensitive and reliable electrochemical glucose sensor tailored for blood biosensing applications. Through comprehensive simulations and comparative analysis of various electrode materials, we systematically evaluated different combinations to identify the most effective material configurations. Performance enhancements were achieved by fine-tuning critical parameters, including temperature, electrode thickness, impedance, and average current density. Our results highlight Palladium Hydride (Pd-H) and Platinum Aluminide (PtAl2) as exceptional performers. Under optimized conditions—temperatures of 310 K and 350 K, with an electrode thickness of 30 µm—the electrochemical glucose sensor demonstrated remarkable sensitivities of 6.024 A·dm3/mol·m2 and 6.465 A·dm3/mol·m2 for Pd-H, and 5.814 A·dm3/mol·m2 and 6.023 A·dm3/mol·m2 for PtAl2, respectively. These findings not only deepen our understanding of electrochemical glucose sensors but also provide valuable insights for the design of customized biosensors tailored for blood glucose monitoring. The identified optimal conditions offer a promising pathway for the development of highly sensitive and specific diagnostic tools for blood glucose level monitoring.