Alternative ways to optimize treatment for retinal vein occlusion with peripheral capillary non-perfusion: A pilot study

Abstract

Purpose: We compared the efficacy and safety of ranibizumab versus ranibizumab plus scatter laser photocoagulation (SLP) in patients with chronic post-central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) macular edema (ME). Methods: This prospective non-randomized pilot study included 250 patients with peripheral retinal ischemia and CRVO-related ME. The mean follow-up period was 24.5 ± 6.5 months. The clinical assessments conducted included best corrected visual acuity, optical coherence tomography, and multi-field fluorescein angiography with measurement of the ischemic area. The study population comprised two comparable patient groups with peripheral retinal ischemia that received different treatments for post-CRVO ME: ranibizumab with peripheral SLP of capillary non-perfusion areas (Group 1); and Lucentis® monotherapy (Group 2). Data analyses were performed using Statistica 7 software suite and included the estimation of × ± δ values and their dispersion and covariation coefficients at different stages of the study. Results: Clinically significant retinal ischemia was detected in 175 (70%) patients, occupying an average of 435.12 ± 225.13 mm2, i.e., 167.15 ± 45.16 optic disc areas. Peripheral ischemia was found in 125 patients, representing 50% of all patients with CRVO and 71.4% of all patients with ischemic CRVO. The mean number of ranibizumab injections in patients who underwent SLP was 3.5 ± 1.6. Patients treated with ranibizumab monotherapy for 24 months received 10.6 ± 2.5 injections. Functional and anatomic results were comparable in the two groups. Conclusions: The combination of ranibizumab injections and peripheral SLP in capillary non-perfusion areas can significantly decrease the number of injections and reduce neovascular complications.