Mental Health Professionals’ Attitudes Towards the Network Theory of Mental Disorders

Abstract

Background: The network theory describes mental disorders as a network of interacting symptoms. While most research on the network theory is based on network analyses of symptom data, little is known about mental health professionals´ attitudes towards this theory. Clinical expertise could offer a valuable additional perspective on the validity of the theory and its applications to clinical practice. Method: Mental health professionals rated their agreement with propositions of the network theory regarding the phenomenology, aetiology, and treatment of mental disorders in an online survey. Further, the acceptability and appropriateness of possible applications were evaluated. We calculated descriptive statistics and examined associated factors with regression analyses. Results: The participating psychotherapists (n = 183), specialized physicians (n = 45), and clinical psychologists (n = 29, total n = 257) largely agreed with the network theory’s propositions regarding the phenomenology of mental disorders and treatment effects. Appraisal of the network theory regarding the aetiology of mental disorders, regarding important treatment targets, and regarding acceptability and appropriateness of possible applications was mixed. A theoretical background in cognitive behavioural therapy and previous knowledge of the network theory were associated with a stronger agreement in most domains. Conclusions: The fundamental assumptions of the network approach seem to resonate with mental health professionals, while the consequences for the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders were questioned. Our findings indicate that the general conceptualization of mental disorders as symptom networks seems to align with mental health professionals’ perceptions but, at the same time, emphasizes the novelty and limited specificity of the theory’s implications for clinical practice.