Technology and Inpatient Care: Addressing Communication Barriers and Social Isolation

Abstract

Social isolation and communication barriers are critical challenges faced by hospitalized patients, particularly those in long-stay, Alternate Level of Care (ALC), and acute care units. This scoping review of published literature aimed to answer the research question: How technologies including communication technologies are being used to address social isolation and communication barriers among hospitalized older adults, and what is known about their influence on patient experience. CINAHL, APA PsycINFO, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science were searched for studies published from 2015–2025. Thirty-five articles met the inclusion criteria, including qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods research. Key contributors to social isolation included restricted mobility, cognitive decline, and limited visitation and emotional wellbeing. Communication barriers stemmed from institutional routines, physical impairments, and lack of access to digital tools. These challenges are linked to negative outcomes such as depression, anxiety, cognitive deterioration, and diminished quality of life. Technology-based solutions, ranging from video calls and tablets to wearable devices demonstrate potential in bridging communication gaps and reducing social isolation. Video and phone call tools can improve communication and connection, but they do not work the same for everyone. Involving patients, caregivers, and healthcare staff in designing technology may help make these tools more useful, easier to use, and more sustainable in healthcare settings. This scoping review identifies the need for accessible and well-supported digital interventions to improve communication and well-being among older adult inpatients. Future research needs stronger study designs, bigger sample sizes, and interventions that are better matched to patients’ needs.