CONCEPT OF FEMALE DORMITORY BEDROOMS BASED ON STUDENTS’ PREFERENCE AND ADAPTATION

Abstract

In Indonesia, Pesantren is a private boarding school managed by an organizational or non-organizational Islamic institution. The Pesantren's buildings are commonly not well designed and its design represents the institution's requirements. This paper investigates the bedroom design of dormitory based on student's preferences and adaptation, which then will be used as a design's concept reference. Bedroom is the smallest scale of built environment, yet it has great influence on accommodating users' daily needs. Moreover, the bedroom dimension especially for a pesantren's dormitory has limited area but with high occupant density. This study uses a case study strategy supported by quantitative and qualitative methods. Six Pesantrens are chosen to find bedrooms' typology by observation. Next, the typology is tested to 500 respondents in Sunan Drajat Pesantren by using a questionnaire. Quantitative analysis is employed to find the students' preferences, and afterwards the student's adaptation is investigated. The result shows that the bedrooms' typology in pesantren's dormitory do not meet the minimum standard of bedroom's design. The typology is based on observation in six Pesantren's bedrooms. The study also reveals that student's preference for bedroom's dormitory is influenced by physiological and psychological aspects. Physiological aspects indicate thermal and visual comfort. The psychological aspects are motivation, security, privacy, personal space, territory, crowding and density. The bedroom size, number of occupants and bedroom area per person do not meet students' preference, consequently the adaptation process is difficult. The types of adaptation are by reaction, by adjustment and by withdrawal. The design concepts propose from the bedroom's dimension (bedroom area per person is 2.8 m²), the students' belonging and furniture arrangement, use space, number of occupants (small, small-medium, medium, large, and extra-large bedroom).