Effects of nano calcium carbonate and siwak toothpaste on demineralized enamel surface roughness

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of nano calcium carbonate and Siwak toothpaste on demineralized enamel surface roughness. Human tooth specimens immersed in 0.3% citric acid at pH 3.25 were brushed with nano calcium carbonate and Siwak toothpaste for 2, 4, and 6 weeks. Enamel surface roughness was tested using a Surface Roughness Tester with supporting scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy assessments. It was found the application of nano calcium carbonate and Siwak toothpaste for 2, 4, and 6 weeks decreased the surface roughness of the demineralized enamel (p < 0.05). Brushing teeth with nano calcium carbonate and Siwak toothpaste should decrease the surface roughness of demineralized enamel.