Small polypeptide hormones in plant

Abstract

Generally the cell-to-cell communications take place by classical phytohormones such as auxin, cytokinin, ethylene, gibberellin, and abscisic acid. Likewise the plant peptide hormones are also involved in various aspects of growth and development. The physicochemical interactions of peptide hormones with their receptors activate downstream signaling which modulates cellular functions. These peptide actively involved in plant defense system improvements against biotic and abiotic stress (es), growth and development over the past decade have heralded the beginning of a new and potential growing field of polypeptide signaling in plants. Here, we review the currently known major plant polypeptides, their receptor proteins, polypeptide/receptor–mediated signaling cascades and their functions in plant.