Commodity and token monies

Abstract

A government defines a dollar as a list of quantities of one or more precious metals. If issued in limited amounts, token money is a perfect substitute for precious metal money. Atemporal equilibrium conditions determine how quantities of precious metals and token monies affect an equilibrium price level. Within limits, a government can peg the relative price of two precious metals, confirming Fisher’s (1911) response to a classic criticism of bimetallism. Monometallism dominates bimetallism according to a natural welfare criterion.