Knowledge and Adherence to Radiation Protection among Healthcare Workers at Operation Theater

Abstract

Background and Objective: Diagnostic radiology technology is used to obtain a high-quality image for the patients during surgeries at Operation theater (OT). It is important to ensure low radiation dose by applying the radiation protection and safety principles to the healthcare team. Hence, the aim of this study was to assess the knowledge towards radiation protection and adherence to radiation safety measurements among healthcare workers who employ ionizing radiation in the operating theater. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study targeted healthcare workers; physicians, nurses and anesthesia technologists working in the operating suite that were exposed to radiation during procedures. The survey asked participants to measure their knowledge and adherence to radiation protection during their presences or practice of radiology procedures. Results: The overall mean adherence score was 4.08±1.33 and the overall mean knowledge score was 3.24±0.97 and the two scores revealed a significant positive correlation (r = 0.226, p = 0.035). The technologists and males showed higher adherence score. Physicians and females showed insignificantly higher knowledge score. Physicians illustrated significantly (p = 0.006) higher percentage concerning ensuring a minimum of 1-2 m distance from radiation source during procedures, followed by the technologists (78.6%) and nursing (60%). While there was no association between knowledge and occupation. On the other hand, males were significantly (p = 0.032) more likely to wear TLD (97.2%) and lead apron (97.2%) during procedures as compared to females (82.4 and 80.4, respectively). Conclusion: Similar to adherence, there was no association between knowledge and sex. Healthcare workers showed good adherence to radiation safety measurements, with less knowledge towards radiation protection. However, there was a positive correlation between adherence and knowledge scores. Adherence was dependent on the health profession and sex while knowledge was independent of both. There is a need to increase knowledge and awareness toward the adherence to the radiation protection guidelines.