The Effects of Integrated Neurofeedback and Salutogenesis Nursing Intervention to Relieve Post-COVID-19 Symptoms in Late Adolescents

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of integrated neurofeedback and salutogenesis nursing intervention to relieve the neurocognitive function and mental health of late adolescents with post-COVID-19 symptoms. Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial study. The participants were 61 late adolescents in experimental, control 1, and control 2 groups who had post-COVID-19 symptoms. The variables were evaluated using quantitative electroencephalography and a computerized neurocognitive battery at pre-post time points in all groups. The experimental group received 10 sessions of individual training for 5 weeks. Results: The integrated neurofeedback and salutogenesis nursing intervention were effective for stress coping (F=3.41, p=.040), sense of coherence (F=0.67, p=.041), state of tension in closed eyes (H=0.39, p=.023), state of tension in opened eyes (H=0.14, p=034), SMR wave in closed eyes (H=6.19, p=045), SMR wave in opened eyes (H=6.02, p=049), memory (F=1.96, p=.015), attention (F=1.64, p=.020), depression, and anxiety (F=0.89, p=.041) in late adolescents. Conclusion: The findings revealed that integrated neurofeedback and salutogenesis nursing intervention could be effective in reducing neurocognitive and psychiatric functions. Therefore, the integrated neurofeedback and salutogenesis nursing intervention could be a nursing intervention to support the recovery of post-COVID-19 late adolescents in the developmental stage.