Diversity of Local Indonesian Mungbean Germplasm Based on Morphological Quantitative and Qualitative Traits

Abstract

Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) is one of an important cash crop legume in Indonesia, especially in dry regions. Identification and evaluation diversity of germplasm collections play important role for mungbean breeding program. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship among mungbean accessions based on quantitative and qualitative traits. A total of 122 local mungbean accessions from Indonesian was obtained from ILETRI germplams collections which have been cultivated in Jambegede Research Station Thirteen variables quantitative and five variables qualitative were observed. Data were analysis using principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis. The results showed that five principal components (PC) contributed 76% of total variation. The most important characters for PC 1 was number of branches, number of fertile nodes per branches, number of pod cluster, and number of filled pod, PC 2 was days 50% to flowering and maturing days, PC 3 was percentage plant affected to root rot diseases, PC 4 was seed weight per plant and plant height, and PC 5 was 100-seed weight. The dendogram clustered 122 accessions into four groups. Based on clusters analysis there were four clusters with similarity distance 72.29%. There was no parallelism between geographical distributions in each cluster.