Hubungan Dukungan Sosial dengan Burnout pada Perawat Intensive Care Di RSUD X

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Perawat yang bekerja di unit Intensive Care memiliki tuntutan kerja tinggi dan tekanan emosional yang berkelanjutan, sehingga rentan mengalami burnout. Dukungan sosial sendiri diyakini memiliki peran penting dalam menjaga ketahanan psikologis perawat, karena dapat memberikan rasa aman, dihargai, serta meningkatkan motivasi sehingga mampu mengurangi dampak stres kerja yang berlebihan. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan dukungan sosial dengan burnout pada perawat Intensive Care di RSUD X. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode korelasional dan desain cross-sectional. Populasi penelitian berjumlah 60 perawat yang bekerja di ruang ICU, NICU, dan HCCU, dengan teknik total sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan instrumen Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) untuk mengukur dukungan sosial dan Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) untuk mengukur tingkat burnout yang telah dialih bahasa oleh peneliti sebelumnya. Hasil: Hasil uji Spearman’s Rank Correlation memperoleh nilai p = 0,000 (p < 0,05) dan nilai korelasi Spearman ρ (rho) = –0,767, menunjukkan adanya hubungan negatif yang kuat dan signifikan antara dukungan sosial dan burnout. Artinya, semakin tinggi dukungan sosial yang diterima perawat, semakin rendah tingkat burnout yang dialami. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara dukungan sosial dengan burnout pada perawat Intensive Care.Background: Nurses working in intensive care units have high job demands and continuous emotional pressure, making them prone to burnout. Social support itself is believed to play an important role in maintaining nurses' psychological resilience, as it can provide a sense of security, appreciation, and increased motivation, thereby reducing the impact of excessive work stress. Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between social support and burnout among intensive care nurses at X Regional General Hospital. Method: This study used a quantitative approach with a correlational method and cross-sectional design. The study population consisted of 60 nurses working in the ICU, NICU, and HCCU, using total sampling technique. Data collection was conducted using the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) instrument to measure social support and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) to measure burnout levels, which had been translated by the researchers beforehand. Result: The Spearman's Rank Correlation test results obtained a p value of 0.000 (p < 0.05) and a Spearman's correlation coefficient ρ (rho) of –0.767, indicating a strong and significant negative relationship between social support and burnout. This means that the higher the level of social support received by nurses, the lower their level of burnout. Conclusion: There is a relationship between social support and burnout among intensive care nurses.