Pokémon GO, Went, Gone…—Physical Activity Level, Health Behaviours, and Mental Well-Being of Game Users: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Pokémon GO has had a substantial global impact, emerging as one of the most prominent smartphone game releases of the 21st century. Beyond its entertainment value, this game has the potential to encourage physical activity alongside recreational engagement. Consequently, it may facilitate the integration of augmented reality into daily routines within the context of advancing mobile device technology. This study aimed to assess the impact of Pokémon GO on users’ physical activity levels, as well as to identify other implicit health outcomes and potential risks. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-long form) and a custom-designed survey (including demographic characteristics) administered to a cohort of 243 Pokémon GO players (112 females and 131 males, mean age 27 ± 7 years). Results: According to IPAQ-long form data, 68% of Pokémon GO users demonstrated high physical activity levels, 29% moderate, and 2.5% insufficient activity. More than 80% of participants reported increased walking distances, and 39% indicated that playing the game had improved their overall mood, while 13% reported enhanced social interactions. However, some findings are concerning, with 27% of respondents admitting to sacrificing sleep, 20% considering themselves addicted, and more than half exceeding the World Health Organization (WHO) screen time guidelines based solely on the time spent playing Pokémon GO. Conclusions: Pokémon GO has a positive impact on users’ physical activity levels, particularly in terms of low-intensity physical activities such as walking. This observational study suggests that the application may be associated with a healthy lifestyle and enhanced interpersonal contact. Prudent and safe usage is advised, as the game has the potential to be addictive and may pose risks when misused.