Pneumoperitoneum caused by tracheal rupture due to tracheotomy: a case report

Abstract

Background: Tracheal rupture is a rare but serious complication associated with tracheal intubation, often presenting with clinical manifestations such as subcutaneous emphysema, mediastinal emphysema, and pneumothorax. Pneumoperitoneum after tracheal intubation is an unusual occurrence. Treatment strategies typically include surgical intervention and conservative management. This article presents a case of tracheal rupture following tracheal intubation that led to massive pneumoperitoneum and was successfully managed with conservative treatment. Case presentation: A patient underwent tracheal intubation, during which a tracheal rupture occurred, leading to significant pneumoperitoneum. The condition was initially diagnosed based on clinical symptoms, including abdominal distension and imaging results. Conservative treatment, including respiratory support and monitoring, was implemented. Follow-up abdominal CT on day 6 demonstrated resolution of the pneumoperitoneum, and repeat bronchoscopy on day 10 confirmed healing of the tracheal laceration. Conclusion: Tracheal rupture and subsequent pneumoperitoneum should be considered as differential diagnoses in patients presenting with abdominal distension following tracheal intubation. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate conservative management can lead to favorable outcomes.