Whey protein bar supplementation effects combined with resistance training on athletes

Abstract

Background and Objective: Resistance training causes damage or tears to the muscle cells, which require supplementation with protein sources that have a rapid rate of digestion and good source of amino acids and other essential nutrients to ensure quick repair and help muscle regeneration and growth. The objective of the present study was to formulate a whey protein bar supplement that satisfies the requirements of the athletes from different nutrients. Also, to investigate its beneficial synergistic effects following resistance training on body measurements. Additional parameters to insure safety of the formula were analyzed. Materials and Methods: Eight male athletes, aged 19‒25 participated in the present study, which lasted for a period of four months. Bioelectrical impedance analysis, anthropometric and skin fold measurements were registered. Blood hemoglobin concentration, serum activities of AST and ALT enzymes, serum creatinine, uric acid and urea were measured. Serum lipid profile and blood electrolytes were estimated. Results: After whey protein bar supplementation, a significant decrease in the activity of AST was recorded. Serum urea level and uric acid were significantly decreased. Concerning electrolytes, results showed a significant increase in serum sodium, phosphorus levels and a significant decrease in serum potassium and magnesium. Moreover, significant reduction in serum lipid profile levels was observed. Whey protein bar supplementation slightly increased body weight and caused an increase in circumference measurements. A regular decrease in body fat, an increase in water percentage and in muscle mass, together with a slight decrease in bone mass and in skin fold measurements occurred. Conclusion: Supplementing whey protein bar with other nutrients sources improved athletes’ post exercise body composition and other anthropometric measurements. Biochemical assessments proved health effect and safety of this formula; therefore it may be helpful to athletes following resistance training for muscle hypertrophy.