Attributable fraction of tobacco smoking on selected cancer deaths in the past decade using mortality case-control study in Tianjin, China

Abstract

INTRODUCTION This study aims to estimate the impact of smoking-attributable mortality of selected cancers, in the period 2010-2019 in Tianjin, China. METHODS A case-control study was conducted to assess the smoking-attributed major causes of cancer deaths. Unmatched multiple logistic regression was used to calculate mortality risk ratios. RESULTS Smoking-attributable cancer deaths were 23709 (28.87%) among adult males and 8648 (13.37%) among adult females in the period 2010-2019 in Tianjin, China. Lung cancer remains the largest cause of smoking-attributable deaths; among men, the death rates were 49.06% of lung cancers, 27.55% of mouth, pharynx, larynx, or esophagus cancers, 13.56% of kidney and other urinary cancers, and 10.11% of liver cancers; among women the corresponding death rates were 31.56% of lung cancers and 10.59% of the mouth, pharynx, larynx, or esophagus cancer, 10.56% of bladder cancers. Smoking-attributed cancer deaths in men increased from 1817 in 2010 to 2695 in 2019; for women, the number remained stable at just over 800 per year during the past decade. CONCLUSIONS At least one in three cancer deaths in men and one in six in women would be potentially preventable through appropriate control of tobacco smoking in Tianjin, China. Effective control programs against tobacco smoking should be further implemented.