Knowledge on diabetes mellitus type 2 and adherence to treatment in patients from the hospital Reátegui from Piura, Peru

Abstract

Objective: To determine the association between knowledge about Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 (DM2) and adherence to treatment in patients of the Jorge Reátegui Hospital, Piura, Peru. Methods: Study carried out in 236 patients from the Jorge Reátegui Hospital, Piura, Peru, who attended the endocrinology office during 2019. Adherence and level of knowledge were evaluated through questionnaires: Morisky Green-8 test (high, medium or low adherence) and Test Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire 24 (adequate and inadequate). Multinomial logistic regression was applied between the variables, in SPSS v.25. Results: Inadequate knowledge predominated (68.2%); over the adequate (31.8%). Adherence was low (38.6%); medium (31.4%) and high (30.0%). An association was found between knowledge and adherence to treatment (p<0,05). Also, between educational level (p<0,05) and origin (p<0,05). If the patient does not present studies, it is associated with low adherence OR 6,24 [CI (2,11 -18,44)], or mean OR 3,72 [CI (1,20 -11,49)]. In addition, if the patient presents primary, it is associated with low adherence OR 5,59 [CI (1,76 -17,70)]. Likewise, if the patient comes from a rural area OR 5,92 [IC (1,59 -21,97)], or marginal urban OR 4,43 [IC (1,27 -15,41)] associated with low adherence. An association was found between inadequate knowledge and low adherence OR 3,45 [CI (1,74 -6,81)], or mean OR 2,62 [CI (1,31 -5,24)]. Conclusion: There is an association between knowledge about diabetes and adherence; inadequate knowledge predisposes to a higher risk of low or medium adherence. Likewise, certain sociodemographic factors such as the degree of education and the origin.