Performance evaluation of compost turning machine suitable for smallholding

Abstract

This study aims to develop and evaluate a small local machine to turn compost windrows for smallholdings. The experimental parameters were tested at three kinematic parameters (KPs) (15, 25, and 35), two blades shape (L-shape and I-shaped), four turning number times (every 7, 14, 21, 28 days), and two residues’ mixtures (Rice straw + livestock manure and Cotton stalk + live-stock). The evaluation included compost density, maturity period, machine productivity, energy requirements, turning cost, and compost quality. The lowest compost density (398 kg/m3) and maturity period (10 weeks) were at kinematic parameter 35, turning every 7 days, and I blade for Rice straw compost. So, it is recommended to operate the machine at kinematic parameter 35, turning times every 7 days, and I blade to get the excellent compost specifications and reduce maturity time.