Return to Work Experience of Young and Middle-Aged Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Longitudinal Qualitative Study

Abstract

Background Return to work (RTW) is a critical component of rehabilitation for most young and middle-aged patients after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Its success is related to the quality of life and social psychological function of patients, and their social economic growth. However, healthcare professionals often do not deeply understand the patients' experience and their difficulties and coping methods during this process, which limits their ability to institute effective management and support. Objective In this study, we aimed to explore the lived experiences and change processes of young and middle-aged patients with AMI at the different stages of RTW. Methods A descriptive qualitative approach was used. Patients aged 20 to 59 years with AMI were recruited from the Department of Cardiology of 3 general hospitals. Data were collected via semistructured interviews. Data analysis was performed by conventional content analysis methods. Results In total, 18 participants were included. Five main themes emerged: (1) "chaos,"(2) "rebuilding,"(3) "conflict,"(4) "coping,"and (5) "benefits."Patients may be more concerned about physical recovery during the initial clinical event. They then begin to plan and adjust for an RTW. Patients in the maintenance phase need strategies to prevent, identify, and respond to conflicts and challenges to maintain long-term stable work. Conclusion We identified several post-AMI stages spanning from the initial illness event to the maintenance of stable work. We described their perceived barriers, coping strategies, and support needs at these various stages. These data are crucial for healthcare professionals to develop improved vocational rehabilitation strategies for patients with AMI.