Multiple pregnancy

Abstract

The incidence of multiple pregnancy has increased over time and is associated with a high risk of perinatal mortality and morbidity. Multiple pregnancy can be classified according to zygosity or chorionicity. It requires thorough follow-up for early diagnosis and treatment of its specific complications. In the case of the mother, preeclampsia and gestational diabetes require differential monitoring so that preventive measures and necessary interventions can be carried out with less maternal and fetal harm. Regarding the fetus, knowledge of the particularities inherent to multiple pregnancies, especially the monochorionic ones, is essential for the correct conduction of a prenatal period. Such pregnancies show high preterm birth rates and deserve attention due to its association with fetal morbidity, significant costs due to longer NICU stay, and long-term neurological sequelae. Finally, it should be kept in mind that the determination of chorionicity is essential in view of the major complications of monochorionic pregnancy, which completely alters the follow-up that must be performed.