Caracterización de maíz procedente del departamento del Magdalena, Colombia

Abstract

The Research Group of Tropical Plant Breeding of Magdalena University has several corn introductions original from the Colombian Caribbean; 13 of them were selected, which were donated by the National University of Colombia Campus Palmira, with original passport data from the department of Magdalena. The introductions were characterized to study the phenotypic variability. Sowing was done at the Center for Agricultural and Forestry Development of the University of Magdalena, located in the city of Santa Marta, following a randomized complete blocks design with three replications; 20 plants per introduction were planted and 5 of them were assessed per experimental unit. Twenty eight descriptors were studied. Analyses of variance, frequencies main component, multiple, discriminant, and cluster were performed. Statistical differences among introductions for most of the variables were detected and it is considered as an indicator of diversity. The main components and cluster divided the sample in five sets; there was a gradual and continuous difference in characters inside the groups. The genotypes showed a genetic similarity with introduction 91, the largest genetic distance was with the Synko commercial hybrid. By sorting introductions by municipality, the trend to point out Foundation as the starting point was a trend and is likely that dispersion occurred from there.