The Association of MicroRNA 21 and Hypertension: A Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Hypertension is a multifactorial, complex disease with high morbidity and mortality rates. Studies have found that micro-RNA 21 (miR-21) levels are significantly increased in patients with hypertension. However, other studies have reported opposite results. Therefore, the relationship between miR-21 expression and hypertension remains controversial. This meta-analysis was conducted to statistically evaluate the miR-21 levels of patients with hypertension. A literature research was conducted using Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, and CNKI. To search for titles or abstracts, ‘hypertension’ in combination with the terms ‘miR-21,’ ‘microRNA-21,’ or ‘miRNA-21’ were used as keywords. Standardized mean differences (SMD) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were determined from the results of the meta-analysis. In total, 12 articles were included in this meta-analysis, involving 546 cases and 436 controls. The results of the meta-analysis showed that miR-21 levels in patients with hypertension were significantly higher than those in the controls (SMD: 1.22; 95% CI [0.35, 2.09]). This meta-analysis is the first to evaluate miR-21 in patients with hypertension. MiR- 21 may be a new target for the prediction and treatment of hypertension. Further high-quality studies are needed to better support the association between miR-21 and hypertension.