Comparison of grid-based algorithms for computing upslope contributing area

Abstract

Terrain attributes based on upslope contributing area, A, are used widely in distributed hydrologic models. Several grid-based algorithms are available for estimating A. In this study, five algorithms (D8, ρ8, MFD, DEMON, and D∞) were compared quantitatively on two undulating agricultural fields (63 and 109 ha) in northeastern Colorado. Global positioning system (GPS) data (0.02-m accuracy) were used to generate grid digital elevation models (DEMs) at 5-, 10-, and 30-m cell sizes. Relative differences between A values estimated using single- and multiple-direction algorithms increased with decreasing grid cell size. Relative differences were greatest along ridges and side slopes, and differences decreased where the terrain became more convergent. Multiple-direction algorithms (MFD, DEMON, and D∞), allowing for flow divergence, are recommended on these undulating terrains for 5- and 10-m grids where A is most sensitive to the algorithm selection. Copyright 2006 by the American Geophysical Union.