Aetiological factors of molar incisor hypomineralization

Abstract

Introduction. Teeth hypomineralization that involves molars only, or molars and incisors is known as disease Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH). Aetiology of MIH is not known, however, factors responsible for this disease are present in the first year of life. The aim of this research was to identify possible aetiological factors responsible for the occurrence of this disease. Material and Methods. The study included eight years old children from the municipality of Foca. Parents who gave their consent for the participation of children in the study completed a questionnaire in which they listed aetiological factors described in the literature to be responsible for the emergence of hypomineralization. Modified DDE index (Modified DDE Index for Use in Epidemiological Surveys) was used to estimate hypomineralization on all teeth; however, MIH changes were classified separately. Results. More than ninety different factors may be responsible for enamel defects. Possible aetiological factors listed in the literature are: premature birth, low weight of newborns, hypoxia, metabolic disorder of calcium and phosphate, fever, genetic factors, etc. Results did not confirm statistical significance for any of examined aetiological factors. Conclusion. In this study a retrospective analysis of data was performed. Etiological factors of MIH were identified but the most responsible for MIH were not determined.Uvod. Hipomineralizacija zuba koja zahvata samo kutnjake ili kutnjake i sekutice istovremeno je oboljenje koje se u anglosaksonskoj literaturi naziva molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH). Etiologija MIH promena jos nije dovoljno poznata, ali se zna da faktori odgovorni za ovo oboljenje deluju kod deteta u prvoj godini po rodjenju. Cilj rada je bio da se ustanove moguci etioloski faktori koji su odgovorni za nastanak hipomineralizacije zuba na sekuticima i kutnjacima dece u regionu opstine Foca, u Republici Srpskoj. Materijal i metode rada. U istrazivanje su ukljucena osmogodisnja deca koja zive na teritoriji opstine Foca. Roditelji dece su dali pristanak za njihovo ucesce u istrazivanju i popunili anketni upitnik gde su navedeni etioloski faktori koji su, prema podacima iz literature, odgovorni za nastanak hipomineralizovanih promena. Za procenu hipomineralizacije na svim zubima koriscen je modifikovani DDE indeks (Modified DDE Index for Use in Epidemiological Surveys), ali su MIH promene i posebno klasifikovane. Rezultati. Vise od 90 razlicitih faktora moze biti odgovorno za ostecenje gledji. Kao moguci etioloski faktori u literaturi se navode: prevremeno rodjenje deteta, mala telesna tezina novorodjencadi, hipoksija, poremecaj metabolizma kalcijuma i fosfata, visoka temperatura, uticaj genetskih faktora itd. U ovoj studiji nije potvrdjena statisticka znacajnost ni za jedan ispitivani etioloski faktor. Zakljucak. U ovom istrazivanju nalazi su dobijeni na osnovu retrospektivne analize podataka. Ustanovljeni su brojni etioloski faktori, ali je bilo tesko izdvojiti najodgovornije za nastanak MIH.