Supercontinuum Generation in Media with Sign-Alternated Dispersion

Abstract

When an ultrafast optical pulse with high intensity propagates through transparent material a supercontinuum can be coherently generated by self-phase modulation, which is essential to many photonic applications in fibers and integrated waveguides. However, the presence of dispersion causes stagnation of spectral broadening past a certain propagation length, requiring an increased input peak power for further broadening. Overcoming such spectral stagnation will be key to achieve practical integrated supercontinuum devices. Here, a concept is presented to drive supercontinuum generation with significantly lower input power by counteracting spectral stagnation via repeatedly alternating the sign of group velocity dispersion along the propagation. The effect is experimentally demonstrated in dispersion alternating fiber in excellent agreement with modeling, revealing almost an order of magnitude reduced peak power compared to uniform dispersion. Calculations also reveal a similar power reduction with integrated optical waveguides, simultaneously with a significant increase in flat bandwidth, which is important for on-chip broadband photonics.