Microbial Profile and Antibiogram of Pus Isolate in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Western Odisha

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Pus sample is one of the major samples received in Microbiology laboratory. Overall incidence of wound sepsis in India is 10-33%. A predictable microbial profile in wound infection is very much important for clinician to start empirical therapy and also to combat drug resistance. We wanted to assess the microbial profile and antibiogram in pus isolates causing wound infection in a tertiary care centre of Western Odisha. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study. 287 pus samples in total received from different departments of Hitech Medical College, Rourkela, from June 2019 to Dec. 2019 were processed using standard microbial culture methods and antibiotic sensitivity was done as per CLSI guideline. RESULTS: Among 287 samples, 187 (65%) showed positive growth. Among 187 positive samples, 64% were from male population. Middle age group (21-40 and 41-60) was most affected age group (36% and 37.4% respectively). Most commonly isolated bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus (38%) followed by Pseudomonas species (17.10%). Least common bacteria were Streptococcus pyogenes (0.5%). Most of the gram-negative bacilli showed high sensitivity towards imipenem (53-93%), meropenem (80-100%), piperacillin tazobactam (67-100%) and amikacin (67-88%) but lower sensitivity to 3rd generation cephalosporins (36-73%), cotrimoxazole (60-80%), amoxiclav (20-75%) and fluoroquinolones (42-73%). Staphylococcus aureus showed high sensitivity to linezolid (92%), aminoglycoside (84%), clindamycin (88%) and cotrimoxazole (72%) but lower sensitivity to erythromycin (25%), amoxiclav (40%) and fluoroquinolones (44%). CONCLUSIONS: Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas species were the most common bacteria isolated in our study with variable antibiogram. Pus aspirate was better sample than pus swab. A continuous inspection should be carried out to monitor the antibiogram of wound isolate to formulate and implement antibiotic policy in our hospital.