Hyperglycemia, Risk of Subsequent Stroke, and Efficacy of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy: A Post Hoc Analysis of the POINT Trial

Abstract

BACKGROUND: One-quarter of all strokes are subsequent events. It is not known whether higher levels of blood glucose are associated with an increased risk of subsequent stroke after high-risk transient ischemic attack or minor ischemic stroke. METHODS AND RESULTS: We performed a secondary analysis of the POINT (Platelet Oriented Inhibition in New TIA and Minor Ischemic Stroke) trial to evaluate the relationship between serum glucose hyperglycemia (≥180 mg/dL) versus normoglyce-mia (<180 mg/dL) before enrollment in the trial and outcomes at 90 days. The primary end point was subsequent ischemic stroke modeled by a multivariable Cox model with adjustment for age, sex, race, ethnicity, study treatment assignment, index event, and key comorbidities. Of 4878 patients included in this study, 267 had a recurrent stroke. There was a higher hazard of subsequent stroke in patients with hyperglycemia compared with normoglycemia (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.50 [95% CI, 1.05–2.14]). Treatment with dual antiplatelet therapy was not associated with a reduced hazard of subsequent stroke in patients with hyperglycemia (HR, 1.18 [95% CI, 0.69–2.03]), though the wide confidence interval does not exclude a treatment effect. When modeled as a continuous variable, there was evidence of a nonlinear association between serum glucose and the hazard of subsequent stroke (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Hyperglycemia on presentation is associated with an increased risk of subsequent ischemic stroke after high-risk transient ischemic attack or minor stroke. A rapid, simple assay of serum glucose may be a useful biomarker to identify patients at particularly high risk of subsequent ischemic stroke. REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clini​caltr​ials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT0099102.