THE INTERMEDIATE STATE

Abstract

ARCHITECT: Oki Sato Exploring how Japan's concept of the intermediate state—spaces bridging two conditions—differs from Western binary spatial perceptions. Taking the Japanese Pavilion at the 2025 Osaka World Expo as a case study, it highlights how this tradition informs contemporary architecture. The pavilion, designed by Nikken Sekkei and themed "Between Lives," combines historic elements like the engawa with sustainable practices such as CLT construction and upcycling. Through its innovative design, the project demonstrates the synergy between cultural heritage and technological advancement in contemporary architecture.