Immune regulation in periodontal disease: A review

Abstract

It is an established fact that dental plaque as a biofilm is responsible for various types of gingival and periodontal diseases. It is a multifactorial disease in which one of the important components is the host defense mechanism. Through many years of research, it has now been established that the bacteria alone are not sufficient to cause the disease, it’s only when they evade the host defense, and in the course of protecting the host, its immune system acts against the tissues resulting in native periodontal tissue damage. This review tries to gain insight into the complex immune mechanisms which take place during the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases.