Phytochemical Screening, GC-MS Analysis, Toxicity and Antimicrobial Properties of Extracts Outer Shell Poikilospermum suaveolens (Blume) Merr

Abstract

Poikilospermum suaveolensis a medicinal plant used by local communities, especially the Kaili tribe around Lore Lindu National Park, Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi Province, Indonesia for the treatment of breast cancer and jaundice. Because of the importance of this plant, this study was designed to determine the content of secondary metabolic compounds, toxicity, antimicrobial properties and identify the compounds through Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The results of the study found that the outer skin extract of P. suaveolens contained alkaloids, tannins, saponins and steroids. The extract showed high toxicity with an LC50 value of 44.41±25.71 m/mL. Antimicrobial activity test showed that the extract with a concentration of 25% had the inhibition of bacterial growthStaphylococcus aureus 16.17±0.29 mm (strong), Escherichia coli bacteria 14.50±0.50 mm (strong) and Candida albicans at 17.00±1.00 mm (strong). AGas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis found that there were about 50 compounds in the outer shell extract of P. suaveolens including Lupan-3-Yl Acetate, 1,3,4,5-Tetrahydroxy-Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acid, Dl-Threitol, 6-Octadecenoic Acid, (Z)-, L-(+)-Ascorbic Acid 2,6-Dihexadecanoate, 5-Hydroxy-7-Methoxy-2-Pentylchromone, Vitamin E, 3-Methoxy-5-Methylphenol, 4,6-Dioxatricyclo[ 3.3.1.02,7]Nonane, 1,3,3-Trimethyl-, (1s)-, Ammoniumchlorid, Tetraoctyl-. This study found that this extract has the potential to be used as an antimicrobial source from safe natural ingredients.