Flower-like Nickel Oxide/Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposite for Sensitive Electrochemical Detection of Alfuzosin

Abstract

We propose a novel method for detecting alfuzosin hydrochloride (AFZ) using a 3D flower-like nickel oxide/carbon nanotube (NiO/CNT) nanocomposite synthesized through a hydrothermal process. The nanocomposite was extensively characterized using advanced techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). This NiO/CNT nanocomposite was subsequently employed to modify a glassy carbon electrode (GCE), enabling the development of a sensitive electrochemical sensor for AFZ detection. The fabricated sensor demonstrated a broad linear detection range of 0.5–200 μM and an impressively low detection limit (LOD) of 0.0696 μM using square wave voltammetry (SWV). Additionally, the sensor exhibited excellent selectivity, reproducibility, repeatability, and stability. Its practical utility was validated by successfully detecting AFZ in human serum samples and pharmaceutical tablets, achieving high recovery rates. These results highlight the potential of the NiO/CNT nanocomposite-based electrochemical sensor as a highly sensitive and reliable tool for AFZ detection in clinical and pharmaceutical applications.