A gross and histopathological study of an ectopic white line development in equine laminitis

Abstract

In horses with chronic laminitis, an abnormal horny structure called lamellar wedge, is generated between the hoof wall and the laminar epidermis. To be able to manage horses with chronic laminitis correctly, more information about the pathological state of this abnormal horn is required. The aim of this study was to collect and analyze objective morphological data about the abnormal horn in order to understand its morphology and development. In the study, the abnormal horn was grossly visible on the sagittal hoof section from approximately 20 days after the onset of disease. In the histological observations, the structural characteristics of this abnormal horn were similar to the white line tissue, suggesting it is an ectopic white line. Mean value of the cross-sectional area of the abnormal horn against the distal phalanx section area (A/D) was 0.29 cm2 SD ± 0.14 and it finally showed an eight-fold increase over the mean value of normal white line section area against the distal phalanx section area. In conclusion, a large amount of the ectopic white line is thought to be finally able to inhibit normal hoof wall growth, so that it should be resected at the optimum time when would be after one month from the onset of the disease.